The estimator compares straight rows and rows mixing 90° rotations, in both pallet directions. It keeps cartons upright and within the pallet footprint. It chooses the best arrangement among those row patterns, not a guaranteed global optimum.
Capacity = min(height capacity, weight capacity)
Usable height = total height limit − empty pallet height. Weight capacity uses the allowed cargo weight, excluding pallet mass. A weight-limited final layer may be partial.
Scope of the estimate
Does this approve a safe load?
No. It does not verify carton compression strength, centre of gravity, wrapping, racking capacity, forklift rating or handling conditions. Confirm those before using a physical load plan.
What does the drawing show?
One proposed geometric layer, not a structural drawing. Very dense arrangements show the first 300 cartons only; the numeric estimate still includes the full row layout.
Worked example
Illustrative inputs and outputs to help you check your own task.
Estimate upright cartons within a height limit
Inputs
Pallet 1,200 × 1,000 mm; total height 1,300 mm including a 100 mm base; cartons 400 × 300 × 200 mm at 12 kg; cargo limit 1,000 kg; 120 cartons; horizontal rotation allowed.
Output
10 cartons per layer × 6 layers = 60 cartons per pallet; 120 cartons need an estimated 2 pallets.
Horizontal rotation changes the footprint. The cartons remain upright with a 200 mm height.
See when the weight limit becomes the constraint
Inputs
Keep the same dimensions, carton weight and 120-carton shipment, but reduce the allowed cargo weight to 500 kg.
Output
The weight limit allows only 41 cartons per pallet, so the estimate becomes 3 pallets.
The drawing shows a geometric layer. Verify the actual stacking pattern, carton strength and load stability before loading.
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